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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Reconciliation Memorial &lt;/em&gt;(Cotonou, Republic of Benin)&lt;em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Public art&lt;br /&gt;Public sculpture&lt;br /&gt;Benin</text>
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                <text>The bronze torsos of two abstracted figures, engaged in a tight embrace, emerge from a rectangular bronze base. Unlike its &lt;a href="https://www.community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/admin/items/show/1138" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Liverpudlian&lt;/a&gt; counterpart, this work includes the addition of bronze low-relief designs, reflecting images related to the slave trade, including cotton plants, chains, and industrial factories.</text>
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                <text>Broadbent Studio</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Reconciliation Memorial &lt;/em&gt;(Liverpool, England)</text>
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                <text>The iron torsos of two abstracted figures, engaged in a tight embrace, emerge from a rectangular iron base. Two other identical sculptures were erected in 1989 in Belfast, Northern Ireland and Glasgow, Scotland. According to the artist, the works were meant to be “powerful symbol[s] of the way in which sectarianism can be overcome through solidarity.”</text>
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                <text>Unveiled: September 19, 1990</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;"Ark of Return": The Permanent Memorial at the United Nations in Honour of the Victims of Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;/em&gt; (New York City)</text>
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                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Antislavery movements--United States&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Northeastern United States&lt;br /&gt;Public art&lt;br /&gt;Public sculpture</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Art of Return&lt;/em&gt; asks visitors to reflect upon the legacy of the slave trade and the persistent problems of racism and bigotry. The ark includes three principal design elements. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;According to the artist: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“The first element is a three-dimensional map inscribed on the interior of the memorial. This map highlights the African continent at its center and graphically depicts the global scale, complexity and impact of the triangular slave trade in "acknowledgment of the tragedy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The second element is a full-scale human figure lying horizontally in front of a wall inscribed with images of the interior of a slave ship. This is meant to communicate and educate visitors on the physical conditions endured by the millions of African people transported under extreme conditions during the middle passage. The visitors are provided the opportunity to seriously "consider the legacy" of slavery's impact upon humanity. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The third element&amp;nbsp;is a triangular reflecting pool which introduces water in a meditative, ritualistic and spiritual manner. Visitors are invited to pour libations or say a prayer in memory of the millions of souls that were lost "lest we forget" this monumental and historic tragedy.”</text>
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                <text>Public Unveiling: March 25, 2015</text>
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                <text>UNESCO, the Permanent Memorial Committee of the United Nations; Member States of the United Nations</text>
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                <text>To watch a video of the memorial unveiling, click &lt;a href="https://www.un.org/en/events/slaveryremembranceday/memorial.shtml" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>United Nations Visitors Plaza. 1st Avenue and 46th Street. New York, NY 10017, United States</text>
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                  <text>Renée Ater</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;African Burial Ground National Monument&lt;/em&gt; (New York City)</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;African Americans--New York&lt;br /&gt;Cemeteries--New York&lt;br /&gt;New York City--History&lt;br /&gt;Northeastern United States&lt;br /&gt;Public art&lt;br /&gt;Public sculpture&lt;br /&gt;Slave trade&lt;br /&gt;Slavery--New York (State)&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;The memorial sits on .35 acres and includes seven distinct design features: Wall of Remembrance, Ancestral Re-Interment Grove, Memorial Wall, The Ancestral Chamber, Circle of the Diaspora, Spiral Processional Ramp, and The Ancestral Libation Court.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The visitor is invited to walk through the monumental triangular structure known as “The Ancestral Chamber,” which represents the Middle Passage across the Atlantic Ocean. After passing through the chamber, the visitor encounters a spiral memorial wall featuring twenty religious symbols including a number of Adinkra symbols (Akan peoples, Ghana). The floor of the monument includes a world map centered on the West African coast with sun rays radiating towards North America, Brazil, Europe, and the Caribbean Islands.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Leon, Rodney, 1972-</text>
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                <text>Dedicated: October 5, 2007</text>
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                <text>Monica Aliaga-Robles (project architect); Robert Silman Associates (structural engineer); Langan Engineering (civil engineer); Elizabeth Kennedy Landscape Architects; Domingo Gonzales Associates (lighting design); Dr. Gerald Palevsky (fountain); General Services Administration; Federal Steering Committee; African-American descendant community; and the National Park Service.</text>
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                <text>Photograph: National Park Service, &lt;a href="https://www.nps.gov/media/photo/gallery.htm?pg=3570929&amp;amp;id=19CBA11C-155D-451F-67AA7B78DDDCB3A4" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;https://www.nps.gov/media/photo/gallery.htm?pg=3570929&amp;amp;id=19CBA11C-155D-451F-67AA7B78DDDCB3A4&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Two semicircular gray granite walls, inlaid with twelve bronze panels illustrating 300 years of African American history, frame an obelisk and pedestal. The twelve scenes of African American history include images of the Middle Passage, an African American family on an auction block, slaves working in a field, men and women celebrating the Emancipation Proclamation, the Jim Crow era, the Great Migration, and images of contemporary African Americans’ important contributions to engineering, law education, sports, politics, and space exploration. At the base of the monument’s obelisk are four rubbing stones from regions of Africa where slaves were captured - Senegal, Sierra Leone, the Republic of Congo, and Ghana. In front of the memorial, Dwight included a bronze cast of the famous print of the British slave ship &lt;em&gt;Brookes&lt;/em&gt; (1787).</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;The memorial is located in the Freedman Cemetery in Dallas, Texas. Established in 1861, it is one of the largest Freedman's cemeteries in the country. A Texas Red granite archway marks the entrance to the memorial. Two niches, located on either side of the arch, are adorned with life-size bronze figures (one in each niche). The free-standing figure on the left of the entrance, the so-called “Sentinel” or “Warrior,” is dressed in clothes inspired by the Benin culture of West Africa. He holds a large ceremonial machete with its blade pointed to the ground. His female counterpart, the “Prophetess,” holds a small harp to her chest with her left hand. On the other side of the arch within the memorial garden, two bronze figures occupy the niches. Unlike the free-standing works at the front of the archway, these works are bronze bas-reliefs. The figures emerge emerge from a background that suggests the waves of an ocean. The female figure, the “Violated Soul,” whose wrists and feet are bound by iron mancles, covers her face with her hands. Her male counterpart, the “Struggling Soul,” is similarly shown with his wrists and feet bound by iron manacles; he covers his own scream with his bent left arm. Above each of the life-size bronze figures, in the top register of the arch, are twelve smaller bronze sculptures, suggestive of West African wood sculpture. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Through the archway at the center of the memorial park, “Dream of Freedom,” sits atop a Texas Red granite circular plinth. The sculpture shows a newly emancipated couple. The male figure, whose shirtless torso is scarred by whip marks on his back, wraps his left arm around a kneeling woman. Directly behind “Dream of Freedom,” is a polished granite slab with Nia Akimbo’s poem, “Here.” Two remaining headstones from the original cemetery are embedded in the back of this granite slab.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;At the base of each statue, bronze plaques list the artist, title of the sculpture, and description of the work. Embedded in the interior arched wall are bronze plaques with poetry by ten children from local schools, who won a local poetry contest. In the lawn, several Texas Red granite blocks have bronze plaques attached to them, identifying the original river bed and unmarked graves.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Newton, David S., 1967-</text>
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                <text>Dedicated: June 19, 1999</text>
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                <text>Black Dallas Remembered, Inc.;  City of Dallas Office of Cultural Affairs; Dallas African American Museum; Dallas County Historical Commission; Freedman’s Foundation; Texas Department of Transportation; Mary Loving Blanchard (poet Nia Akimbo); and private donors.</text>
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                <text>English</text>
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                <text>Visual Arts-Sculpture</text>
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                <text>Freedman’s Memorial Cemetery, 2525 N Central Expressway, Dallas, Texas, 75204, United States</text>
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                <text>Photograph: DARTable, &lt;a href="https://dartable.dart.org/dartable-gem/freedmans-cemetery-memorial-2/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;https://dartable.dart.org/dartable-gem/freedmans-cemetery-memorial-2/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>City of Dallas Office of Arts and Culture, Administrative Office, 1925 Elm Street, Suite 400, Dallas, Texas, 75201, United States</text>
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